Expenses, Fees & Miscellany back-end load capital gains distribution front-end load level load load management fee net asset value net fund flows no-load redemption fee reinvested dividends share classes total return transfer agent 12b-1 fee turnover ratio Investment Vehicles and Strategies actively managed funds annuity bottom-up investing closed-end funds diversification dollar-cost averaging hedge funds GARP global funds growth funds international funds Lipper fund categories momentum funds open-end funds passively managed funds top-down investing value funds Risk Measures alpha beta Morningstar risk rating Sharpe ratio standard deviation of returns