Small Business and Technology Focus
eBay at Home on the Ropes
Kevin Kelleher
07/10/06 - 12:15 PM EDT
What a rough week for
eBay.
The e-commerce cum online-payment cum
Internet communication company is back in one of its
periodic slumps where, in the eyes of the world at
large, it just can't do anything right.
The albatross around eBay's neck this time is
Google's Checkout, the latest offering from the search
giant in its never-ending quest for new sources of
revenue. As it stands now, Google Checkout seems
simply to be an online venue to store your credit card
information, with Google's assurance that it will be secure.
This has been coming for well over a year, ever
since Google executives hinted at an online-payment
service that the press quickly dubbed "the PayPal
killer." Investors began predicting a collision
between Google and eBay, with Google the odds-on
winner. eBay's stock swooned but later recovered.
Now the other shoe has dropped with a more
official unveiling of Google Checkout. Rather than
assessing whether people will find the service useful, the coverage has focused on how this marks the beginning of the end for PayPal.
Analysts have stepped forward with their warnings
and lowered price targets on eBay. Their chief argument is
that if Google Checkout quickly evolves into more than
a simple checkout service, it could quickly become the
most common means of making payments on the Internet --
in essence, turning PayPal into eBay's own proprietary
payment system.
Compounding the bad news were other PayPal-related
developments that only made things seem worse. On
Thursday, Jeff Jordan, the longtime eBay exec who had
been overseeing PayPal, stepped down to spend more
time with his family. He'll be replaced by Rajiv
Dutta, the former eBay CFO who is currently president of
Skype.
Then on Friday, news hit that eBay had placed
Google Checkout on a list of payment services that it
deems not acceptable for its community of merchants.
eBay says the chief reason Google Checkout didn't make
the cut was that it is too new and unproven. What's
more, eBay merchants can still choose to use it for
payments if they want.
But the reaction among some bloggers was that this was a clear attempt to unfairly block Google on eBay's home turf.
The upshot of all this is that eBay's stock slipped
9% last week and is now down 39% this year. It closed
Friday at $26.62 -- its lowest close in two and a half
years. (In early Friday trading, it was up 19 cents to $26.81.)
It's safe to say this is one of the darker
chapters in eBay's 10-year history.
So the company is now on the ropes. And this is doubly
important to investors, because dark moments like
these create prime opportunities to either sell
the stock on the bet that things can only get worse,
or buy it because the market has severely overreacted.
Which is it? I'd argue the case for
overreaction, i.e., that things are tough for eBay but
nowhere near as dire as they seem right now.
First, eBay often finds itself cornered into a
situation that seems certain to bring it down but from
which it manages to escape -- it's sort of the Jack
Bauer of Internet companies. There were the outages of
1999 that eBay addressed in a way that ended up giving
it the reputation of being one of the more reliable e-commerce sites.
Then there was the great fee revolt of 2005, when
merchants threatened to bolt because eBay was boosting
fees. But in the end, most stayed, and the higher fees
weeded out the weaker listings and left eBay with
higher average selling prices and increased revenue.
Second, although the loss of Jordan is a blow -- he
oversaw the growth of both eBay's auction marketplace
and PayPal -- putting Dutta in charge should provide a
smooth transition. Dutta's finance background seems
better suited for PayPal than for Skype, which already has
a strong leader in CEO Niklas Zennstrom.
Third, and most important, should Google try to
create a full-fledged PayPal clone, it will be a sign
to sell Google's stock, not eBay's. It's not that
Google isn't capable -- it definitely has the technical
know-how -- it's more that setting up an online-payment
system like PayPal is a complex, thorny and expensive
proposition.
Google would have to navigate regulations not just
in the U.S. but in every market where it wants to use
Google Checkout -- and each market's laws are
devilishly complex. It will need to
combat payment fraud in a more direct way than it has
addressed click fraud to date. It will need to
persuade users to trust the company with their
financial data -- in addition to their search histories
and their emails. People don't like to trust a single
company with too much personal information.
Most concerning to investors, Google will need to
spend a lot of money to create a system that can
compete with PayPal's 1.5 million users, create an
interface that's easier, faster and safer, and study
all of the lessons it took PayPal a decade to learn. And, assuming it takes on all that, the move will surely drive down
margins in the short term. Investors won't be happy
with that.
The ideal outcome for eBay would be to rise to the
challenge before it: PayPal is the most common online
payment partly by virtue of its strengths, and partly
by default. Now that a potential rival is on the
scene, Dutta needs to work out some of the
longstanding kinks that still make PayPal too fussy
and unintuitive for its users to truly embrace.
If eBay can pull that off, then investors may look
back on this dark hour and see it was in fact a rare
opportunity to buy the stock on the cheap.