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Commentary: Perceptions and Reality *New* Alerts! Please click here...
Roy Neuberger, a great trader and the patriarch of Neuberger Berman, once told me to buy cyclical stocks when the factory doors of industrials are padlocked. The economy and the stock market's doors are now padlocked. After weeks and weeks of pounding, it has become almost unthinkable that the market might rally. For new equity and low-grade debt financings, the capital markets are closed. Investment bankers are being fired by the large underwriters. A year ago it was almost unimaginable that the equity market would fall. A year ago, IPOs routinely rose by 100% on their first day of trading. Mutual funds were created just to buy new issues, and to participate in the aftermarket trading of those new issues. The Great Bull Market of the 1990s did its best to obviate the need for an historical perspective. In essence, experience and knowledge of the past was a liability. No longer -- the tide has changed. Growth-oriented mutual funds have faltered badly, and investors are withdrawing their investments. Value-oriented mutual funds are performing better, and are becoming more popular with individual investors. I have been bearish throughout the past two years. But over the course of the past two months I've grown progressively less cautious. And now, I'm of the view that the equity market might currently be putting in an important bottom. Investors have finally recognized that they made a mistake in thinking that the technology capital spending boom of 1998-2000 was a secular phenomenon. And that recognition is at last being reflected in today's low stock prices. The technology spending spree was not enduring -- it was nothing more than a temporary ramp-up. It was abetted by a halcyon IPO market, which provided issuers with zero-cost capital, and by the compliant manufacturers of tech products who offered customers financing which, based on poor business models, was undeserved. In turn, this produced an unsustainable level of demand for technology products. The resulting demand became so heavy that it fooled even the tech companies (and investors in tech stocks, who bid the sector to ludicrous price levels) into believing in a secular expansion in demand for optical fiber, routers, servers and other tech products. In response, the largest companies dramatically expanded the capacity of what their plants could produce. Along the way, alas, the fuel for the euphoria in the form of plentiful debt and equity financing to lower-tier participants, combined with aggressive vendor funding to unworthy creditors -- all the things that encouraged the hysteria -- began to disappear. That was 12 months ago, to be precise. As well, it began to be acknowledged throughout the past year that certain areas of technology, like personal computers and wireless phones, had reached a level of maturity that was suggestive of cyclical, slower growth. A year ago, with Qualcomm (QCOM:Nasdaq - news - boards), Dell (DELL:Nasdaq - news - boards), Micron Technology (MU:NYSE - news - boards) and Nokia (NOK:NYSE ADR - news - boards) at the top of the investment world, this was unthinkable. And earnings growth hit a wall. One by one, technology companies issued profit warnings. Then, all of a sudden, valuations began to matter, and the bifurcated market of the past decade reversed, big time. Investors, analysts and market strategists were in denial during most of the market reversal. And why not? It had paid to buy every previous decline. Of course, the greatest myth -- that commerce had entered a Web-centric world -- was squelched. The suggestion that, in order to compete, a rapid deployment of an Internet strategy was the key to future profits, was replaced with the more traditional and prosaic notion that capital spending programs needed to be justified by quick paybacks. Unfortunately, like the road to riches of prior investment bubbles -- railroads, radio and automobiles -- investors learned for the umpteenth time that the laws of valuation and of gravity have not changed. Even that forward-thinking (just kidding!) newspaper, The New York Post, has a new column entitled The Dot-Com Dead of the Day, which appears in its business section every day! That said, the speculative excesses of yesteryear have, in my estimation, been eradicated. Besides the changing investment landscape, in both sentiment and price, described above, I want to share additional reasons for my more constructive view:
A decade ago, Warren Buffett advised investors to "Be fearful when others are greedy, and greedy when others are fearful." It may now be time to be greedy. Doug Kass is the manager of two hedge funds, Seabreeze Partners and Kass Partners, and renowned for his emphasis on a short-selling strategy. Prior to that, he was a portfolio manager at hedge fund Omega Advisors, and head of institutional equities at First Albany and J.W. Charles. At time of publication, Kass and/or his funds had no positions in any securities mentioned in this column, although holdings can change at any time. Under no circumstances does the information in this column represent a recommendation to buy or sell stocks. Kass appreciates your feedback and invites you to send it to Doug Kass .
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